Prototype Unregistered

- Prototype set up by Jean Ragnotti

- A crucial link in the history of the rally versions of the R5 Turbo

- Fitted with extremely rare and unobtainable parts

- Fabulous restoration project

- No reserve

 

The origins of the Maxi 5 Turbo

 

The first works Renault 5 Turbo in 1980 was the Group 4 model. In 1983, the advent of Group B gave rise to a limited run of 20 cars, the famous ‘Tour de Corse’ series. As a result of the regulations, these had narrower rear tyres, which compromised the cars’ stability, according to Jean Ragnotti himself. In 1983, Patrick Landon, the head of Renault’s rally department, gave his agreement for work to proceed on the final evolution of Renault’s ‘pocket rocket’, the car that would be known as the Maxi 5 Turbo. The goal was to revert to wider rear tyres, but also to equip the car with the latest technological developments, including the DPV anti-lag device derived from Formula 1.

To achieve this, a limited series of 200 R5 Turbo 2 ‘type 8221’ cars were built in order to homologate 20 examples of the Maxi 5 with a slightly increased engine capacity, as the Maxi’s 1527cc engine (rather than the 1397cc engine fitted to the other R5 Turbos) would allow them to be fitted with 11.5in rear wheels.

At the end of 1984, the yellow and black Maxi prototype would be driven by Alain Serpaggi to open the Rallye du Var. Following this, in February 1985, the 20 cars required for homologation were presented to the FFSA in Dieppe ... and 10 were then immediately dismantled! Truth to tell, the rally department did not have the resources to assemble 20 cars and provide the after-sales support to all its customers. Only 10 cars were registered: 3 were delivered in kit form to Carlos Sainz, Renault Chartres and Renault’s competition department in Antony, and 7 had their identification plates removed to add to the stock of spare parts, thus explaining why more Maxis exist today than were assembled at the time!

The Maxi made its debut on the Critérium de Touraine from 8-10 March 1985. The victory of Jean Ragnotti, Renault’s works driver, on the Tour de Corse in May, ahead of its 205 T16, Manta 400, Audi Quattro and Porsche rivals, gave the two-wheel drive Maxi its finest hour. Driven by such talented rallymen as Jean Ragnotti, Didier Auriol , François Chatriot and Philippe Touren in France, and Carlos Sainz in Spain, its power and brutal performance left a lasting impression.

The end of Group B for the 1987 season saw the Maxi banned from international rallies, but brilliant amateur drivers such as Meyer, Thomasse, Roussel and Mathon continued to demonstrate the qualities of this ultimate Renault 5 Turbo to the public.

 

 

 

The Maxi 5 in the auction

 

The presence in the Renault the Originals Museum of three Maxis allows some interesting comparisons to be made with the car in the auction:

- The ‘yellow and black’ prototype, presented in September 1984 and driven by Alain Serpaggi as the opening car for the Rallye du Var, without a chassis number or identification plates;

- The ‘Philips’ Maxi, driven by Jean Ragnotti, chassis no. 702 and registration no. 9489 YB 91, with its authentic identification plates, referred to as C2 by Renault Sport;

- The ‘Diac’ Maxi, driven by François Chatriot, chassis no. 705, the genuine Diac car from the 1985 and 1986 seasons and fitted with its authentic identification plates (there is also a Maxi claiming to be no. 705 in Belgium).

 

It should be noted that the competition department in Antony had three Maxis, all registered and in Philips livery; like all the motorsport cars, as those involved at the time will readily admit, the exact identity of each car varied according to the event and the degree of preparation of each car!

So what is the Maxi offered here, without any identification plates or registration papers? It was made over to Renault Heritage in 1990 as the ‘Maquette (Model) 3’, but is it merely a display model?

No, since this car has been driven – indeed, it has 7000km on the clock – and had been fitted with identification plates, the drill holes for which are still present on the right front wheel arch.

The car is on its wheels, but is missing its engine and fuel tanks; it has the polyester, Kevlar and aluminium bodywork of a Maxi 5 Turbo, 15in and 16in magnesium wheels, suspension with combined spring/shock-absorber units and no anti-roll bar, and a competition wiring loom. The interior is virtually complete, with a multi-point aluminium roll cage and a location for the spare wheel on the engine cover; the dashboard is also complete, including the turbo boost gauge, but lacks the trip computer for the co-driver. It is equipped with a hydraulic handbrake and a brake balance control. The boot in the front is empty, except for the steering and the ‘works’ cut-out switch already used on the berlinettes in the 1973 WRC! Four ‘works’ brake callipers are supplied with the car.

 

After a meticulous examination of this Maxi, and comparing it to the other Maxis in Renault’s collection, we can draw the following conclusions:

The bodyshell is not that of a Maxi, but a Tour de Corse modified to Maxi-spec:

- First, it has had a turbocharger on the right next to the shock absorber turret, like a TdC, as marks from overheating indicate, whereas the turbocharger on the Maxi was not installed there;

- Secondly, the internal firewall has three openings let into it, whereas the Maxi only had two, as the turbocharger was relocated behind the co-driver;

- Thirdly, the steering is from an R5 Turbo TdC, and not a Maxi, and the traces of the stiffeners on the anti-roll bar are those of the TdC models and not the Maxi;

- Fourthly, the aluminium roll cage is not a Matter part, but a Ruby model specific to the TdC, all the Maxis having been equipped with Matter roll cages.

The rear strut brace (which is missing) was not that fitted to the Maxi, but rather the first TdC models, as can be seen from its mountings.

 

On the other hand, several items are similar to a Maxi:

The car has been fitted in the past with a complete Maxi engine, and the water injection tank on the left at the rear is still present, as is the exhaust outlet tube ahead of the right rear wheel, showing that a Maxi turbocharger was installed there.

The mounting plate for the large air filter, originally from a Renault truck, is still in place on the rear valance. It may also be noted that two oil coolers are still fitted in the left and right wings.

The car has a fuel filler on the left wing, with a small Lebozec aviation-type cap.

At present, it has the conventional windscreen wiper set-up from the R5 Turbo, which is also found on some Maxis, but the holes (now plugged) show that the Marchal wipers specific to the Maxi were fitted there.

As far as the rear suspension is concerned, it is a Maxi assembly with a specific attachment for the lower wishbones to the side members, as François Bernard has confirmed..

The front suspension is very interesting: the machine-welded hub carriers are very similar to those of a Maxi, but nonetheless different. They are not, of course, those fitted to the Tour de Corse, as these were made from cast metal.

The front wheel arches are made from polyester and are of the Maxi type.

The front strut brace is identical to those fitted to the Maxi, whereas the TdC had two smaller-diameter braces; in addition, the trapezoidal box section between the two sides of the bodyshell behind the axle, specific to the Maxi, is present.

The conduits for the UV joints (which are missing) at the rear of the chassis have been treated in the same way as on the Maxi, with a small section cut out to increase the clearance for them, and you can see the small tubular tie-rod between the side member and the shock absorber turret from the Maxi, which differs from the strengthening piece fitted to the TdC model.

Naturally, the roof and doors are made from aluminium, and there are two brake master cylinders. All the bodywork parts are those of a real Maxi, including the very specific rear bonnet fastenings.

It should be noted that there is no roof vent, as found on some Maxis.

At this stage in our research, it seems highly likely that this Turbo was in fact a development prototype for the Maxi 5 Turbo. This view is supported by the very precise recollections of the chassis engineer François Bernard regarding the car’s development. During 1983, it was decided to develop a four-wheel drive R5 Turbo, to replace the Tour de Corse. This was intended to adopt several technologies for its engine from the F1 cars, and the project was named ‘NG’ (for new generation). The engineering choices made included installing a DPV anti-lag device, water injection and a Kugelfischer pump. Given the cost of homologating a 4WD version, however, Renault's management turned to a 2WD model, which would be the fastest ever built. And therein lies the explanation for these surprising front stub axles, the centre of which had been designed to accommodate the UV joints for the front axle of the 4WD car!

 

In the summer of 1983, a prototype engine for the future Maxi was installed in a white Tour de Corse car. The initial tests were carried out with Jean Ragnotti at Malaucène in the Vaucluse in November 1983, and then at Le Luc in Provence. The engine was still a 1397cc unit. The prototype had a Ruby roll cage rather than a Matter one, and it had undergone the mechanical changes specified by the engine designer Philippe Coblence as well as the chassis engineer. Very quickly, this TdC/Maxi became known as the B Zero, but it kept its white livery. In addition, François Bernard confirmed that the steering was from a Tour de Corse and not a Maxi; the yellow and black prototype would be the first to have the very special steering set-up, resembling that fitted to a single-seater. When the yellow and black car appeared in autumn 1984, the B0 prototype, which had gradually been fitted with the body components characteristic of the Maxi during its career, was still used occasionally, before becoming dormant and, most likely, being stored in the third hangar at Renault Sport in Antony. In 1990 therefore, it is this prototype which is believed to have been passed on to Renault Heritage as a display model, and it was at this point that it was repainted: originally white, it took on the blue and red ‘Philips’ colours, like a copy of the Maxi C2 which won the Tour de Corse in 1985, with no attempt made, however, to mask the running gear or front boot!

 

It therefore appears virtually certain that the car presented here is the B0 prototype used from 1983-1984 by Jean Ragnotti to set up the definitive version of the Maxi 5 Turbo. Starting from a Tour de Corse bodyshell that had already had a previous life, the Renault Sport team applied all the specific chassis and engine features from the legendary Maxi to this car, with the exception of the steering. With its Philips livery, this prototype – which might be termed ‘ex-Ragnotti’, since it was set up by the famous and hugely popular French rally driver – is a crucial link in the history of the R5 Turbo, as it represents the passing of the baton from the TdC (20 cars built) to the Maxi (10 cars). With its numerous very rare components, it deserves to find a complete engine and to breathe in once again the heady aroma of the asphalt!

 

Gilles Vallerian

Expert auprès de la Chambre Nationale des Experts Spécialisés